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​Computer Chips​ in​ Televisions

​Panasonic on-screen display television IC chip
​Panasonic on-screen display Integrated Circuit television Chip Keychain (1983)



​Historical Timeline of Solid State Electronics in Televisions



1959     World's First Television that used transistors, the Philco "Safari" Model H2010
1964     First Automatic fine tuning color television
1967     82 channel VHF/UHF tuning introduced
1969     First TV with total automatic color circuitry
1971     Toshiba introduces their model 20C60 color television with 11 Integrated circuit chips.

1974     First totally electronic tuning system, Star Television
1974     First home video game that connected to a television, the Magnavox Odyssey
1976     Touch-tune television
1978     Computerized color enhancement
1978     First use of high-resolution video filter
1979     First Television with high fidelity digital audio
1986     First Universal remote control introduced
1988     Magnavox "Smart Window" introduced, (picture in picture w/ instant replay)
2000     The "V-chip", for parental control, becomes required on all newly manufactured TV sets 13 inches or larger.

2008     Samsung introduces the world's first Smart TV
2010     First commercially available 3-D HD television, Panasonic
2010     Toshiba introduces first 3-D HD television that doesn't require glasses
2020     Global chip shortage impacts TV prices due to integrated circuits needed for display drivers



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​Vacuum Tubes: The beginning of Television technology

RCA vacuum tube TV paperweightAn RCA vacuum tube from a TV station's 20th anniversary (1990)

​Early television sets used vacuum tubes for their analog circuits. This technology was used for many years until they were eventually replaced by transistors and solid-state technology. The last vacuum tube televisions made were in the mid 1970s. 

Vacuum tubes
consumed a lot of power, created heat, and burned out rapidly, leading to many television owners having to get their televisions serviced and tubes replaced often.


The first commercial black and white Television sets went on sale to the public in 1946. Televisions started becoming popular in the United States by 1950.

The first commercial NTSC color television set (Model H840Ck15 made by Westinghouse) went on sale to the public in February 28th, 1954.
 RCA, General Electric, Philco, Raytheon, and others would introduce their own models of color televisions in the months to follow.

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​Transistors: Solid state technology brings reliability to Televisions

Motorola america's First all transistor Color Television Motorola ad for America's first all-transistor color TV (1967)


In 1952, RCA engineers were busy experimenting with new Transistor designs with goals of developing the worlds first experimental All-Transistor Television. By 1953, RCA introduced to the public the first example of a working Transistorized Television.

The first commercially available Transistorized Television offered for sale to the public was a black and white unit made by Philco in 1959. Toshiba developed the first Japanese transistor television set shortly thereafter in that same year.

Texas Instruments began the first commercial production of transistors for radios in 1954. Very soon after, Sony acquired the rights to transistor production, producing televisions throughout the next decade that would make previous vacuum tube models obsolete.

The first all-transistor COLOR television made in the United States was introduced by Motorola in 1967.






Integrated Circuits: IC chips become the brains of the modern Television
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ITT semiconductor chips in televisionsITT semiconductor chips in televisions (1983)
 Zenith's "Chromatic Brain" introduced in 1969 in their "Chromacolor" line of televisions was the first integrated circuit ever used to produce a color TV picture. 

Toshiba took the lead over its competitors in adopting IC technology to color televisions, starting with automatic fine tuning (AFT) circuitry in 1969. This was followed by the development of audio and color signal demodulation circuitry, as Toshiba aggressively worked to apply IC technologies to the television.

​In 1971, Toshiba introduced their model 20C60. It was the world's first color television which would made use of a large amount of IC chip technology, containing 11 IC chips total. This IC television did not use IC circuits entirely. Rather, it used both IC circuitry and discrete transistors. The IC circuit was used for the tuner, output, power supply, horizontal oscillation, and amplifier, as well as most of the video amplifier components. In addition, the newly developed 2SC1172 transistor combined horizontal output and high-voltage generation


Star television offered the first total electronic tuning system in a Television in 1974. Also in 1974, Integrated Circuits made possible the Magnavox Odyssey - the first home video game system that the general public could connect to their home television.






RCA Television Solid State Ceramic Circuit
RCA Television Solid State Ceramic Circuit (1972)
Fairchild Semiconductor Integrated Circuits TV Program
Fairchild Semiconductor announces TV program about their Integrated Circuits (1967)
what is an integrated circuit
What is an Integrated Circuit?




​Smart TV chips: ​Integrated Circuits allowed for advances in television features

magnavox motorola PIP television chip
Motorola "instant replay" PIP IC Chip used in Magnavox Televisions (1988)
The use of Integrated Circuits in Televisions allowed for the industry to add numerous new features over time to improve the TV users experience.

Among the most popular new features made possible by Integrated Circuits were "Instant replay" and "Picture in Picture (PIP)", which were both introduced to Televisions sets in the late 1980s.


Years later, in 2008, Samsung would introduce the first Smart TV. Smart TV's are designed with hardware to allow access to the internet, and featured software applications that could stream videos to the television from numerous sources.


The current list of global Smart TV chip manufacturers include: MediaTek, MStar Semiconductor, Novatek Microelectronics, Sigma, and Realtek Semiconductor.

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early IC chip used in television sylvania gte
GTE - Sylvania computer chip designed for their color Televisions (1978)






Related:            Integrated Circuits             Computer displays & data terminals


Computer chips in Cars           RCA Vidicon video camera vacuum tube 


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